Aantekeningen
10 Symptoms of CANDIDA OVERGROWTH (Yeast Infection)
Barbara O’Neill (Australia): How to Detox Fungus and Yeast Infection! – Rumble
Pam Bartha over schimmels (waaronder candida) en hoe deze te bestrijden.
Antifungal Action of Methylene Blue Involves Mitochondrial Dysfunction and Disruption of Redox and Membrane Homeostasis in C. albicans
Pubmed
Treatment of oral candidiasis with methylene blue
Results and conclusions: The results indicate an MB dose-dependent effect. Concentrations from 250 to 400 microgram/mL reduced fungal growth but did not eliminate Candida albicans. MB concentrations of 450 and 500 microgram/mL totally eradicated Candida albicans from the oral cavity.
Pubmed
Dermatofytose / Ringworm
Schimmelinfectie (bij hond en kat).
link
Link – dr. Jan R. Mekkes. Dermatoloog, Amsterdam UMC.
How an common anti-fungal drug could help stop brain disease (Dementia) – Youtube
Miconazole / Miconazol
Candida and Skin Rashes – youtube
Malassezia And FUNGAL Skin Problems – youtube
How To Identify Candida Overgrowth (Symptoms Especially Skin Rashes) – youtube
Ringworm schimmel / Dermatofyt
Dermatofyt – Wiki – Wiki Engels
Those without discernable follicular origin or with extensive dermal infiltration by fungal elements are collectively termed “deep dermatophytosis” – link
Antimicrobial effects of tea tree oil (Melaleuca alternifolia) on oral microorganisms – Pubmed
Dermatophyte (Tinea) Infections – CRASH! Medical Review Series – youtube
Groks Ai over Tea Tree olie en schimmel infecties.
Griseofulvine (Best way to tread Microsporum?…..)
www.farmacotherapeutischkompas.nl
Invasieve schimmelinfecties / 2017 – link
Griseofulvin can be effective against Microsporum species, but it’s not necessarily the best or first-line treatment for infections caused by this dermatophyte. Let’s break down its role and compare it to other options to determine the most effective way to kill Microsporum.
- How it works: Griseofulvin is a fungistatic antifungal, meaning it inhibits fungal growth rather than directly killing the fungus. It interferes with fungal cell division by binding to microtubules, preventing the fungus from multiplying. Over time, this allows the body’s immune system to clear the infection as old fungal cells die off.
- Effectiveness against Microsporum: Griseofulvin has historically been used for Microsporum infections, especially in cases of tinea capitis (scalp ringworm), which Microsporum species like M. canis often cause. It’s effective because it concentrates in keratinized tissues (skin, hair, nails), where dermatophytes thrive.
- Dosage and Duration:
- Adults: 500–1000 mg daily (microsize formulation) or 375–750 mg daily (ultramicrosize).
- Children: 10–20 mg/kg/day.
- Duration: Typically 6–12 weeks for scalp infections, longer for nail or deep infections.
- Pros:
- Well-studied for tinea capitis, especially in children.
- Safe for pediatric use, which is relevant since Microsporum infections like M. canis are common in kids (often from pets).
- Cons:
- Fungistatic, not fungicidal, so it takes longer to clear the infection compared to fungicidal drugs.
- Higher relapse rates compared to newer antifungals.
- Side effects: Headache, nausea, photosensitivity, and rarely liver toxicity.
- How it works: Fungicidal, directly kills the fungus by inhibiting ergosterol synthesis (a key component of fungal cell membranes).
- Effectiveness: Highly effective against Microsporum. Studies show terbinafine often clears tinea capitis caused by M. canis faster than griseofulvin, with cure rates of 80–90% in 4–6 weeks.
- Dosage and Duration:
- Adults: 250 mg daily.
- Children: 62.5–250 mg daily (based on weight).
- Duration: 4–6 weeks for scalp infections, shorter for skin infections.
- Pros:
- Fungicidal action leads to faster clearance.
- Shorter treatment duration than griseofulvin.
- High success rates, even in resistant cases.
- Cons:
- Not as well-studied in children as griseofulvin, though still widely used.
- Rare risk of liver toxicity (liver function monitoring recommended).
- How it works: Fungistatic/fungicidal depending on the dose and fungus. It also inhibits ergosterol synthesis.
- Effectiveness: Very effective against Microsporum, with cure rates similar to terbinafine (around 85–90%). It’s often used as an alternative when terbinafine isn’t suitable.
- Dosage and Duration:
- Adults: 200–400 mg daily.
- Children: 3–5 mg/kg/day.
- Duration: 2–4 weeks for skin infections, 4–6 weeks for scalp infections.
- Pros:
- Shorter treatment duration than griseofulvin.
- Broad-spectrum, so it can tackle mixed infections.
- Cons:
- Drug interactions (e.g., with statins, certain heart medications).
- Side effects like nausea, headache, or liver toxicity.
- How it works: Fungistatic, inhibits ergosterol synthesis.
- Effectiveness: Less effective than terbinafine or itraconazole for Microsporum, with cure rates around 70–80%. It’s typically a second-line option.
- Dosage and Duration:
- Adults: 150–400 mg weekly or daily.
- Children: 6 mg/kg/day.
- Duration: 4–8 weeks.
- Pros: Convenient dosing (can be weekly).
- Cons: Slower clearance and lower efficacy compared to terbinafine or itraconazole.
- Not the best for killing: Since griseofulvin is fungistatic, it doesn’t directly kill Microsporum—it stops its growth, relying on the body to clear the infection over time. In contrast, terbinafine is fungicidal, directly killing the fungus, which leads to faster and more reliable clearance.
- Historical use vs. modern options: Griseofulvin was a mainstay for Microsporum infections (especially tinea capitis) decades ago, but newer drugs like terbinafine and itraconazole have largely surpassed it due to:
- Faster treatment times (4–6 weeks vs. 6–12 weeks).
- Higher cure rates (terbinafine and itraconazole often achieve 85–90% vs. griseofulvin’s 70–80%).
- Lower relapse rates.
- When griseofulvin might still be used:
- In children with tinea capitis, where it has a long track record of safety.
- If terbinafine or itraconazole aren’t tolerated or available.
- In resource-limited settings where griseofulvin may be more accessible or affordable.
- Terbinafine is generally considered the best option for Microsporum infections. It’s fungicidal, has high cure rates (80–90%), and requires a shorter treatment duration (4–6 weeks for most cases). It’s particularly effective for M. canis, a common cause of tinea capitis and tinea corporis.
- Itraconazole is a close second, especially if terbinafine isn’t an option. It’s also highly effective and has a shorter treatment course than griseofulvin.
- Resistance: While rare, some Microsporum strains (particularly in regions with antifungal overuse) may show resistance to terbinafine or azoles (like itraconazole). Griseofulvin resistance is also possible but less common. If resistance is suspected, a culture and sensitivity test can guide treatment.
- Adjunctive Measures:
- For scalp infections (common with Microsporum), use an antifungal shampoo (e.g., ketoconazole or selenium sulfide) to reduce fungal spores and prevent spread.
- Treat animal sources (e.g., pets with M. canis) to prevent reinfection.
- Keep the area clean and dry to limit fungal growth.
- Deep Infections: If the Microsporum infection is deep (as discussed earlier), terbinafine or itraconazole are still preferred over griseofulvin due to better tissue penetration and efficacy.